对喷雾热分解法制备铋系超导初级粉末的工艺进行了研究。采用SEM、激光粒度仪对不同分解炉温制备的初级粉末的形貌进行观察,对其粒度进行测量。结果表明,热分解过程的物理、化学变化因素,即干燥、热分解、成相等阶段的因素共同影响了初级粉末的形貌和粒度。 The preparation of bismuth-based superconducting primary powders by spray pyrolysis was studied. SEM and laser particle size analyzer were used to observe the morphology of the primary powders prepared by different decomposition temperature and the particle size was measured. The results show that the physical and chemical changes of the thermal decomposition process, namely the factors of drying, thermal decomposition and equal phases, affect the morphology and particle size of the primary powders.