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目的分析3年鲍氏不动杆菌的临床分布特点和耐药性变化,指导临床用药,控制医院感染。方法选取2011年1月-2013年12月临床送检的11 384份标本,采用法国生物梅里埃公司的VITEK-32全自动微生物鉴定仪及相关试剂进行培养、分离和鉴定,药敏试验采用K-B法。结果 11 384份标本中共检出鲍氏不动杆菌1 576株,检出率为13.84%,2011-2013年历年检出率分别为10.48%、14.07%和16.67%;鲍氏不动杆菌的主要标本来源为痰液、咽拭子分泌物和肺泡灌洗液,分别占44.23%、21.07%和11.67%;鲍氏不动杆菌的主要感染部位为呼吸道占76.97%,其次为皮肤软组织占13.39%;2011-2013年鲍氏不动杆菌对常见抗菌药物的耐药性均呈逐渐增强趋势,对多种常用抗菌药物表现出较强的耐药性,对亚胺培南和美罗培南耐药率也相对较高,对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦耐药率最低。结论鲍氏不动杆菌的检出率逐年增加,其耐药性也逐年增强,临床必须加以重视。
Objective To analyze the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii during the past three years to guide the clinical medication and control the hospital infection. Methods A total of 11 384 specimens from January 2011 to December 2013 were selected and cultured, separated and identified by using the VITEK-32 automatic microbial identification instrument of French BioMerieux and related reagents. The susceptibility test was performed in KB law. Results A total of 1 576 Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were detected in 11384 specimens, with a detection rate of 13.84%. The detection rates were 10.48%, 14.07% and 16.67% respectively over the years from 2011 to 2013. Acinetobacter baumannii mainly The specimens were sputum, throat swab and alveolar lavage, accounting for 44.23%, 21.07% and 11.67% respectively. The main infection sites of Acinetobacter baumannii were respiratory tract accounting for 76.97%, followed by skin soft tissue accounting for 13.39% ; 2011-2013 Acinetobacter baumanii resistance to common antimicrobial drugs showed a gradual increase trend of a variety of commonly used antimicrobial drugs showed strong resistance to imipenem and meropenem resistance rate Relatively high, the lowest rate of cefoperazone / sulbactam resistance. Conclusion The detection rate of Acinetobacter baumannii increased year by year, and its drug resistance also increased year by year, which must be taken seriously.