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马氏距离(Mahalanobis distance)是一种有效的计算样本集间相似度的方法。它不受量纲的影响,可以排除变量之间的相关性的干扰,且通常能夸大变化微小的变量的作用。由于化探数据信息量大,计算繁琐,该方法在实际生产应用较少。借助强大的数学运算软件Matlab,能实现快速计算马氏距离,结合Mapgis等相关的GIS平台,可以快速圈定综合异常并能很好的强化具一定找矿前景的弱小异常,为下一步异常查证起到快速有效的指导作用。依据青海省门源县西河坝地区1∶5万水系沉积物测量的数据成果,通过与传统综合异常圈定方法进行对比,马氏距离圈定综合异常具一定的优势。
Mahalanobis distance is an effective method to calculate the similarity between sample sets. It is unaffected by the dimension and can obviate the interference of the correlation between the variables and often exaggerate the effect of changing small variables. Due to the large amount of geochemical data and computational complexity, this method has less practical application. With the aid of powerful mathematical software Matlab, the Mahalanobis distance can be calculated quickly. Combined with Mapgis and other related GIS platforms, the comprehensive anomaly can be quickly delineated and weak anomalies with certain prospecting potential can be well strengthened. As a result, To a quick and effective guidance. According to the data of 1: 50000 sediment measurements in Xiheba area, Menyuan County, Qinghai Province, the Mahalanobis distance has some advantages over the general anomaly delineation by comparing with the traditional comprehensive delineation method.