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在现代社会转型时期 ,社会赏罚对人们的道德选择发挥着导向作用。社会赏罚通过一定的社会心理机制和利益杠杆实现对人们道德选择的引导。道德选择的困难 ,是由于人们经常处于现实生活的道德困境之中。这种困境有四种表现形态。社会赏罚对人们道德选择的引导有属于“硬约束”手段的直接引导 ,也有通过社会舆论、风尚习俗、榜样典型等“软约束”手段的间接引导。这种导向作用有正向的 ,也有反向的。社会赏罚方向与时代所需的道德价值的吻合或偏离往往导致两种不同的引导方向。
In the transitional period of modern society, social reward and punishment play a leading role in people’s moral choices. Social reward and punishment through some of the social and psychological mechanisms and leverage to achieve the people’s moral guidance. The difficulty of moral choice is due to the fact that people are often in a moral dilemma in real life. There are four manifestations of this dilemma. Social reward and punishment for people’s moral guidance has the direct guidance of “hard constraints” means, but also indirectly guidance through “soft constraints” such as public opinion, customs and models. This guiding role has a positive, but also reverse. The coincidence or deviation of the direction of social reward and punishment and the moral values required by the times often leads to two different directions.