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目的了解甘肃省白银市农村地区禽类从业人员对禽流感防控知识的认知及健康教育需求,为农村地区人感染H7N9禽流感的防控提供依据。方法制定统一调查表,采用分层随机抽样方法抽取白银市靖远县部分禽类从业者和非禽类从业者,进行面对面访谈。结果白银市农村地区禽类从业人员禽流感防控知识得分高于非禽类从业人员(t=3.660,P<0.05),男性得分均高于女性,禽类从业人员(t=4.676)与非禽类从业人员(t=3.333)得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);45岁及以上组得分低于其他年龄组,学历(r=0.405)与禽流感认知得分(r=0.420)呈正相关(P<0.01);53.81%禽类从业人员关注禽流感的发展情况,担心自己会患人禽流感的禽类从业人员占66.67%,仅55.71%的禽类从业人员对现有宣传途径满意;农村居民获取知识途径主要是通过电视,与非禽类从业人员相比,禽类从业人员更多从报纸、广播和宣传材料中获得知识,他们更想从培训、电视和宣传材料中获得相关知识。结论白银市农村地区禽类从业人员对禽流感防控知识有一定的认知,禽类防控知识比非禽类从业人员丰富,应根据性别、年龄、文化程度的不同,制定不同的健康教育策略。
Objective To understand the cognition and health education needs of poultry workers in the rural areas of Baiyin, Gansu Province, on the prevention and control of avian influenza, and provide evidence for the prevention and control of H7N9 bird flu in rural areas. Methods A unified questionnaire was drawn up, and some poultry practitioners and non-poultry practitioners in Jingyuan County of Baiyin City were drawn by stratified random sampling method to interview face to face. Results The score of prevention and control of avian influenza among poultry workers in rural areas of Baiyin City was higher than that of non-poultry workers (t = 3.660, P <0.05), male score was higher than that of female, poultry practitioners (t = 4.676) (t = 3.333), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The score of 45 years old and above group was lower than that of other age groups, and the educational level (r = 0.405) was positively correlated with the cognition score of bird flu (r = 0.420) <0.01). 53.81% of poultry employees paid close attention to the development of bird flu and worried that they would account for 66.67% of the poultry workers who had bird flu. Only 55.71% of poultry workers were satisfied with the existing publicity channels. Mainly through television, poultry practitioners have gained more knowledge from newspapers, radio and promotional materials than non-poultry workers, preferring more from training, television and promotional materials. Conclusion The poultry workers in rural areas of Baiyin City have a certain cognition on bird flu prevention and control knowledge. The poultry prevention and control knowledge is more abundant than non-poultry employees. Different health education strategies should be formulated according to their sex, age and educational level.