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采用回顾性调查方法对3 470名粉尘作业人员的胸片和肺功能结果进行统计和分析。结果显示,可疑尘肺、肺间质改变、肺功能异常检出率均随接尘工龄的增长而增加(χ2=8.793,P=0.004;χ2=176.609,P=0.000;χ2=50.538,P=0.000);肺间质改变、可疑尘肺粉尘作业人员肺结核检出率高于无尘肺组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=18.839,P=0.000;χ2=6.021,P=0.014)。提示应重视粉尘作业人员的职业健康监护,及时发现职业禁忌证及可疑职业病,要积极防控肺结核在粉尘作业人群中的蔓延。
A retrospective survey was conducted to analyze and analyze the chest radiographs and lung function of 3 470 dust workers. The results showed that the detection rate of suspicious pneumoconiosis, interstitial lung changes and pulmonary dysfunction increased with the increase of the service life of dust (χ2 = 8.793, P = 0.004; χ2 = 176.609, P = 0.000; χ2 = 50.538, P = ); Interstitial lung changes, suspicious pneumoconiosis dust workers tuberculosis detection rate was higher than non-pneumoconiosis group, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 18.839, P = 0.000; χ2 = 6.021, P = 0.014). Prompt attention should be paid to the occupational health monitoring of dust workers, timely identification of occupational contraindications and suspicious occupational diseases, and to actively prevent and control the spread of tuberculosis in dust-intensive work groups.