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目的探讨结直肠癌患者在住院期间死亡和并发症的相关危险因素。方法 448例结直肠癌患者,对自变量(包括术前危险因素、术中危险因素)和因变量(包括住院期间死亡和并发症)进行分析,采用logistic回归分析住院期间死亡和并发症的危险因素。结果结直肠癌患者住院期间病死率为1.6%(7/448),住院期间总并发症发生率为33.7%(151/448);术后并发症中肺部感染与患者住院期间病死率明显相关(OR=7.125,95%CI:1.542～32.916);住院期间死亡的高危因素为低蛋白血症(OR=15.000,95%CI:3.056～68.064);总并发症的危险因素为低蛋白血症和高龄(OR=2.337,95%CI:1.151～4.358;OR=2.284,95%CI:1.004～1.038);吻合口瘘的危险因素为低蛋白血症(OR=3.487,95%CI:1.357～8.963)。结论术前对住院期间的病死率和并发症发生率进行预测,对临床评价手术风险和预后有参考意义。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of death and complications in patients with colorectal cancer during hospitalization. Methods A total of 448 patients with colorectal cancer were analyzed for the risk of death and complications during hospitalization by using logistic regression analysis of independent variables (including preoperative risk factors, intraoperative risk factors) and dependent variables (including inpatient deaths and complications) factor. Results The mortality of patients with colorectal cancer during hospitalization was 1.6% (7/448), and the total complication rate during hospitalization was 33.7% (151/448). The postoperative complications were significantly associated with hospital mortality (OR = 7.125, 95% CI: 1.542-32.916). The high risk of death during hospitalization was hypoproteinemia (OR = 15.000,95% CI 3.056-68.064). The risk factors for total complication were hypoproteinemia (OR = 2.337, 95% CI: 1.151 ~ 4.358; OR = 2.284, 95% CI: 1.004-1.038). The risk factors for anastomotic leakage were hypoproteinemia (OR = 3.487, 95% CI: 8.963). Conclusions Preoperative mortality and complication rates during hospitalization are predicted, which have reference value for clinical evaluation of surgical risk and prognosis.