目的　探讨氧化型染发剂引起皮肤损伤的机制。方法　应用大鼠皮肤角朊细胞的原代培养技术并结合 MTT比色法检测了氧化型染发剂及其两种主要成分——双氧水 (H2 O2 )、对苯二胺 (PPD)及二者的混合物对大鼠皮肤角朊细胞的增殖能力的影响。结果　除 PPD的最低剂量短时间染毒组在一定程度上可刺激细胞增殖外 ,受试样品对大鼠角朊细胞的生长均有不同程度的抑制作用 ,随着染毒剂量的升高和染毒时间的延长 ,OD值逐渐降低 ,染毒剂量与细胞生存抑制率呈剂量 -反应关系 (2 4h染毒后的 r值分别是 :r H2 O2 =0 .981,r PPD=0 .949,r PPD- H2 O2 =0 .96 3,r染发剂 =0 .887)。结论　氧化型染发剂的皮肤损伤作用可能与其细胞毒性有关。 Objective To investigate the mechanism of oxidative hair dye induced skin damage. Methods Oxidative hair dye and its two major components, hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2), p-phenylenediamine (PPD) and their combination, were detected by primary culture of rat skin keratinocytes. Effect of Mixture on Proliferation of Keratinocytes in Rat Skin. Results In addition to the minimum dose of PPD short-term exposure group can stimulate cell proliferation to some extent, the test sample on the growth of rat keratinocytes were different degrees of inhibition, with the dose increased and The exposure time was prolonged and the OD value was gradually decreased. The dose-response and cell survival inhibition rate were dose-response relationship (r values ​​were 24 h after r H2 O2 = 0.981, r PPD = 0.949 , r PPD-H2 O2 = 0.96 3, r hair dye = 0.887). Conclusion The oxidative hair dye may play an important role in the skin damage.