为探索在优良肥力基础上由高产作物一熟替代两熟生产的技术可行性与突破途径,设置垄作覆膜、垄作裸地、平作覆膜、平作裸地(对照)4种处理,监测了旱地春玉米不同水分管理措施下干物质和氮生产及其转运、分配特征。结果表明,华北旱地春玉米干物质累积进程表现典型的“S”曲线型,后期缓速增长期出现以茎秆为中心的干物质再度累积特征;抽雄前植株干物质累积达全生育期的47.02%~53.96%,转运至籽粒达到9.99%~25.22%;其中,苞叶与穗轴积累的干物质转运率高达25.22%~47.48%。覆膜使春玉米抽雄期前干物质累积较对照高17.19%~23.61%,干物质快速累积期比对照提前6.4 d,但线性累积持续期却缩短1.5~2.5 d。春玉米氮素累积表现蜡熟期后对土壤氮素的再度高速吸收且以茎秆为中心的氮素富集特征;株体蓄贮氮素总量的43.08%~48.05%转入籽粒,对籽粒的贡献率达49.01%~52.61%;其中,苞叶与穗轴转运率最高,达自身氮素储存量的65.89%~71.40%。垄作覆膜处理苗期茎叶氮素积蓄量较对照高101.08%,生育前期氮素蓄存茎叶、生育后期转运籽粒的“前蓄后转”效应,促进籽粒库容构建,使垄作覆膜玉米增产9.47%。华北旱地一熟种植,促发了玉米蜡熟期后的干物质和氮素生产,释放了玉米高产潜力;而覆膜处理加速了玉米干物质与氮素生产进程,但缩短了干物质线性累积持续期;旱地春玉米进一步高产的突破,需要以籽粒为核心的更大库容品种的突破。 In order to explore the technical feasibility and breakthrough ways of replacing double ripening with high yielding crops on the basis of good fertility, four treatments including ridge covering, ridge ridge bare land, flat land covering and flat bare land (control) Dry Matter and Nitrogen Production and Their Translocation and Distribution Characteristics under Different Water Management Measures in Spring Corn. The results showed that the dry matter accumulation process of spring maize showed a typical “S” curve in the North China dryland, and the accumulation of dry matter with the stem as the center appeared in the later growth stage. 47.02% -53.96% of the total translocation, reaching 9.99% -25.22% of the total translocation to the grain, in which the dry matter translocation rate was as high as 25.22% -47.48%. Compared with the control, the dry matter accumulation of spring maize was 17.19% -23.61% higher than that of the control, and the rapid accumulation period of dry matter was 6.4 days earlier than the control, but the linear cumulative duration was shortened 1.5-2.5 days. Nitrogen accumulation in spring maize showed high nitrogen uptake again and stem-centered nitrogen enrichment after waxy maturity; 43.08% ~ 48.05% of the total nitrogen storage in the plant was transferred to the grain, The contribution rate of grain was 49.01% -52.61%. Among them, the transpiration rate of husk and cob was the highest, reaching 65.89% -71.40% of its own nitrogen storage. The accumulation of nitrogen in the stems and leaves of seedlings treated by ridge film mulching was 101.08% higher than that of the control, and the effects of “pre-accumulation and post-accumulation” Film corn yield 9.47%. The cultivation of dry matter and nitrogen in maize after wax ripening promoted the cultivation of dry landmass in North China. The high yield potential of maize was released, while the dry film mulching accelerated the process of dry matter and nitrogen production, but shortened the linear accumulation of dry matter Duration; breakthroughs in dryland spring maize further high yield, the need for grain as the core of a larger breed breakthrough.