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以动物模型结合平均信息约束最大似然算法(AIREML)分析蛋鸡蛋形指数遗传力、重复力和遗传相关系数,剖析蛋形指数遗传参数动态变化规律。试验素材来自白莱航鸡与绿壳蛋鸡分离群体,包括亲代、F_1代和F_2代,总计2 326只母鸡。每一世代32~60周龄,期间每4周测量1次蛋品质,共采集蛋形指数数据19825条。以WOMBAT软件估计遗传方差、永久环境方差和残差。结果表明:品种、世代和周龄,对蛋形指数有重要影响,将其列入固定效应;蛋形指数性状并非正态分布,应用平方根反正弦进行数据转换,但转换前后遗传参数估计值差异不显著(P>0.05);蛋形指数遗传力为0.31~0.47,遗传方差随周龄增加而增加,至48周龄达到极大值,之后小幅回落;重复力为0.47~0.61,永久环境方差基本稳定在同一水平;不同周龄蛋形指数遗传相关系数为0.91~0.99,永久环境相关系数为0.61~0.92,相邻周龄遗传相关系数较高。蛋形指数重复力较高、周龄之间遗传相关系数接近于1,以个体选择可以有效获取遗传参数。
The animal model and the average information-constrained maximum likelihood algorithm (AIREML) were used to analyze the heredity, repeatability and genetic correlation of egg shape index, and the dynamic changes of egg shape index genetic parameters were analyzed. The test material was derived from the population of white laying chickens and green chick laying hens, including the parents, F 1 generation and F 2 generation, for a total of 2 326 hens. Each generation of 32 to 60 weeks of age, during the measurement of egg quality every 4 weeks, a total of 19,855 egg-shaped index data were collected. Genetic variance, permanent environmental variances and residuals were estimated using the WOMBAT software. The results showed that variety, generation and age of week had significant influence on egg shape index, which was included in the fixed effect. Egg shape index was not normally distributed, and the square root of arcsine was used for data conversion. However, the genetic parameter estimates before and after conversion were different (P> 0.05). The heritability of egg-shaped index was 0.31-0.47. The genetic variance increased with the increase of the age and reached the maximum at 48 weeks of age, then decreased slightly. The repetitive force was 0.47-0.61. The variance of permanent environment The average relative coefficient of egg shape index was 0.91 ~ 0.99 for different weeks and 0.61 ~ 0.92 for permanent environment, while the genetic correlation coefficient was higher for adjacent weeks. Egg shape index higher repeatability, the genetic correlation coefficient between the weeks of age close to 1, individual selection can effectively access genetic parameters.