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从无活动到保持活动的四步骤模型(Four Steps from Inactivity to Activity,FIT模型)将个体的身体活动变化过程划分为六个阶段:前考虑期,考虑期,准备期,探索期,波动期和保持期。其中前三个阶段为不活动期,后三个阶段为活动期。本研究基于FIT模型,采用横断性研究设计,考查了1206名成年人(27～55岁)身体活动变化阶段与健康变量(身体体质、积极/消极主观良好感、健康满意度、不适感和BMI)之间的关系。研究结果表明,除BMI之外,健康变量在身体活动变化阶段上的主效应均显著,处于活动阶段的个体健康水平均好于处于不活动阶段的个体;处于保持期(即长期保持规律性身体活动)的个体身体体质、积极主观良好感和健康满意度水平均高于探索期和波动期,其消极主观良好感和身体不适感均低于探索期和波动期。此外,性别、年龄和教育程度不同程度调节了变化阶段与健康变量之间的关系。本研究验证了FIT模型中成年人身体活动变化阶段与健康变量之间的相关关系,为今后运用FIT模型诊断成年人身体活动变化阶段及其相应健康状况提供了实证性依据。
The Four Steps from Inactivity to Activity (FIT model) divides an individual’s physical activity into six stages: pre-consideration, consideration, preparation, exploration, volatility and Retention period. The first three phases are inactive and the last three phases are active. Based on the FIT model and the cross-sectional study design, this study examined the relationship between physical activity, subjective well-being, positive / negative subjective well-being, health satisfaction, discomfort and BMI in 1206 adults (27-55 years) )The relationship between. The results showed that, except for BMI, the main effect of health variables on the stage of physical activity change was significant. The individual health level in the active stage was better than those in the inactive stage. In the maintenance period (ie long-term regular body Activities) were higher than the exploratory period and the fluctuating period. The negative subjective good feeling and the unpleasant feeling were both lower than the exploratory period and the fluctuating period. In addition, gender, age and education level to varying degrees regulate the relationship between changes and health variables. This study validates the correlation between the changes of physical activity in adults and health variables in FIT model and provides empirical evidence for the future use of FIT model to diagnose adult physical activity changes and their corresponding health status.