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基于煤矿安全的重要性,介绍了导致我国煤矿矿难的6大主要风险因素:社会经济发展阶段、煤矿安全生产相关立法情况、能耗结构、煤矿行业人员能力、煤矿技术设备先进程度和监管有效性水平。针对这6个要素,通过问卷调查、深度访谈、案例研究的方式,研究了国家应对煤矿安全风险的体系规划。结果表明:国家在应对煤矿安全风险方面,必须采取5方面的措施,包括制定抑制经济过快增长的宏观政策和鼓励新能源政策、加强立法、吸引煤炭高等院校人才和培训在职人员﹑投资煤炭新技术研究和增加设备投入以及完备有效监管途径。应对体系从宏观、中观和微观的角度提出国家、行业、企业防范煤矿安全风险所要采取的措施,构建了从上而下的提升途径。
Based on the importance of coal mine safety, six major risk factors that lead to mine disasters in our country are introduced: the stages of socio-economic development, the legislation of coal mine safety production, the energy consumption structure, the personnel capacity of coal mine, the advanced level of coal mine technology and equipment and the effectiveness of supervision Level. According to the six elements, the author studied the system planning of the national response to the coal mine safety risk through the way of questionnaires, in-depth interviews and case studies. The results show that in the aspect of coal mine safety risk, the state must take 5 measures, including formulating the macroscopic policy of restraining the rapid economic growth, encouraging the new energy policy, strengthening the legislation, attracting the personnel of coal colleges and universities and training the serving staff, New technology research and increase equipment investment and complete and effective regulatory channels. The response system put forward the measures to be taken by the state, the industry and the enterprises to prevent the coal mine safety risks from the perspectives of macroeconomics, middle concept and microeconomy, and constructed a way of upgrading from top to bottom.