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目的:探讨脂质体液膜萃取新技术用于体外分离中药及其复方水提液中可被动吸收活性组分的可行性、有效性和普遍适用性。方法:制备普通脂质体、硫酸铵梯度脂质体、柠檬酸梯度脂质体和谷氨酸钠梯度脂质体,采用液膜萃取技术对麻黄、吴茱萸、金银花、栀子、淫羊藿、葛根、芍药甘草汤、金欣口服液和通脉胶囊的水提液进行萃取分离,采用HPLC测定脂质体萃取物中已知活性成分的含量。结果:口服容易被动吸收的大黄素、吴茱萸碱和麻黄碱等成分的脂质体液膜萃取率高,口服被动吸收能力较差的葛根素、淫羊藿苷、栀子苷、芍药苷、甘草苷、黄芩苷等的脂质体液膜萃取率较低,而口服难以吸收的绿原酸和甘草酸几乎不能被脂质体萃取。中药成分脂质体液膜萃取率与脂质体种类、水提液用量、萃取温度和萃取时间等因素密切相关。结论:脂质体液膜萃取用于体外分离中药及其复方水提液中可被动吸收活性组分的思路是科学可行的。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility, effectiveness and universality of liposome-based liquid membrane extraction technology for the passive absorption of active components in traditional Chinese medicine and its compound aqueous extract. Methods: The liposomes, ammonium sulfate gradient liposomes, citrate gradient liposomes and sodium glutamate gradient liposomes were prepared. The effects of ephedra, evodia, honeysuckle, gardenia, epimedium, Radix Puerariae, Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Jinxin Oral Liquid and Tongmai Capsule were extracted and separated, and the content of the known active ingredients in the liposome extract was determined by HPLC. Results: Oral emodin, evodiamine and ephedrine readily absorbed by the oral liquid showed high extraction rate of liposomal liquid membrane and poor oral absorption of puerarin, icariin, geniposide, paeoniflorin, glycyrrhizin , Baicalin and other liposomes liquid membrane extraction rate is low, and oral absorption of chlorogenic acid and glycyrrhizinic acid can hardly be liposome extraction. The liposome fluid film extraction rate of Chinese medicine is closely related to liposome type, water extract dosage, extraction temperature and extraction time. Conclusion: It is scientifically feasible that liposome liquid membrane extraction can be applied to the in vitro separation of active ingredients in Chinese medicine and its compound aqueous extract.