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目的 探究同一体检人群十年间代谢指标及代谢性疾病患病率的变化.方法 该观察性研究纳入6 199 名分别在2005年、2010年及2014年于中南大学湘雅三医院体检的人员,从体检数据库中分别提取其三个时间点的代谢指标水平及代谢性疾病的患病情况,通过重复测量法分析该指标的变化.结果 人群的平均年龄为(42.99±14.00)岁,其中男性占55.78%.该人群2005年、2010年及2014年的BMI分别为(23.24±4.51)、(23.77±3.09)及(24.05±3.08) kg/m2(F＝99.904,P＝0.000),血压分别为(121.21±18.63)/(78.79±11.48)、(125.52±161.98)/(79.15±11.19)及(123.99±16.66)/(78.91±10.47) mmHg(F＝1.649/9.902,P＝0.199/0.000),空腹血糖水平分别为(4.95±1.05)、(5.08±1.13)及(5.52±1.26) mmol/L(F＝18.632,P＝0.000),总胆固醇水平分别为(4.75±0.91)、(4.87±0.93)及(5.13±0.96) mmol/L(F＝766.269,P＝0.000),甘油三酯水平分别为(1.61±1.52)、(1.62±1.58)及(1.61±1.53) mmol/L(F＝0.326,P＝0.713),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平分别为(2.57±0.78)、(2.78±0.80)及(2.79±0.82) mmol/L(F＝323.452,P＝0.000),每个指标均存在时间和性别之间的交互效应.2005年、2010年及2014年,人群高血压患病率分别为7.60%、13.02%和15.08%(P＜0.001),糖尿病患病率分别为1.65%、3.60%和5.94%(P＜0.001),高脂血症患病率分别为10.78%、14.07%和24.97%(P＜0.001),结论 同一体检人群十年间平均血糖、血脂水平均显著升高,但平均血压水平变化不大.高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症患病率均明显升高.“,”Objective To investigate the changes in metabolic parameters and the prevalence rates of metabolic diseases among people enrolled in physical examination in the Third Xiangya Hospital. Methods This observational study includes 6 199 people who accepted physical examination in 2005, 2010 and 2014 in the Third Xiangya Hospital. The outcome of interest was change in metabolic parameters and the prevalence rate of metabolic diseases over a ten-year period. Data was extracted from the health management database of the Third Xiangya Hospital, and analyzed with repeated measurements. Results Overall, we analyzed data of 6199 people, with an average age of (42.99±14.00) and male percentage of 55.78%. The BMI was (23.24±4.51) kg/m2in 2005, (23.77±3.09) kg/m2in 2010, and (24.05±3.08) kg/m2in 2014 (F＝99.904, P＝0.000). The blood pressure (BP) values were (121.21±18.63)/(78.79±11.48) , (125.52±161.98)/(79.15±11.19) and (123.99±16.66)/(78.91±10.47) mmHg in 2005, 2010 and 2014 respectively (F＝1.649/9.902, P＝0.199/0.000). The fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were (4.95±1.05), (5.08±1.13) and (5.52±1.26) mmol/L in 2005, 2010 and 2014 respectively (F＝18.632, P＝0.000). From 2005 to 2014, the total cholesterol (TC) levels were (4.75±0.91), (4.87±0.93) and (5.13±0.96) mmol/L (F＝766.269, P＝0.000), the triglyceride (TG) levels were (1.61±1.52), (1.62±1.58) and (1.61±1.53) mmol/L (F＝0.326, P＝0.713), and the low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) levels were (2.57±0.78), (2.78±0.80) and (2.79±0.82) mmol/L (F＝323.452, P＝0.000). There is interaction between time and sex on each parameter. In 2005, 7.60% of the population suffered from hypertension, the percentage was 13.02% in 2010 and 15.08% in 2014 (P＜0.001). In 2005, 2010 and 2014, the prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus were 1.65%, 3.60% and 5.94% (P＜0.001), the rates of hyperlipidemia were 10.78%, 14.07% and 24.97% (P＜0.001). Conclusion The FBG levels and blood lipid levels were increased in the same physical examination population, while blood pressure levels did not change much. The prevalence rates of hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia were significantly increased over ten years.