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目前人类吞咽皮质中枢的定位仍不明确,限制了对吞咽周围器官病理生理学改变的了解和吞咽康复治疗的发展。动物实验发现,非人灵长目动物的运动前区皮质、感觉运动区、额叶、顶叶、颞叶岛盖、眶额皮质和扣带回皮质与吞咽功能相关。最近,人们利用功能磁共振成像、正电子发射体层摄影和脑磁图等先进的技术手段发现人类吞咽需要多个脑区参与,主要集中在主要感觉运动区皮质/前运动区、前扣带、岛叶和顶枕区。然而,各个脑区的具体功能和作用以及脑区之间的相互联系仍不清楚,还需要进一步研究来明确。
At present, the localization of human swallowing cortical centers is still not clear, which limits the understanding of the pathophysiological changes of swallowing organs and the development of swallowing rehabilitation. Animal experiments found that non-human primate pre-motor cortex, sensory motor area, frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe cap, orbital frontal cortex and cingulate cortex associated with swallowing. Recently, people use the advanced techniques of functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography and magnetoencephalography to find that human brain requires multiple brain regions for swallowing, mainly in the cortex / anterior motor region of the main sensory zone. The anterior cingulate , Island leaves and the top pillow area. However, the specific functions and roles of various brain regions and the interrelationship between brain regions remain unclear, and further research is needed to clarify this.