鸡尾酒疗法,也被称作高效抗逆转录病毒疗法(antiretroviral therapy,ART),使得艾滋病成为临床上的一种可控疾病。但是越来越多的证据显示了接受鸡尾酒疗法的HIV(human immunodeficiency virus)阳性病人心血管疾病的发病率很高。在众多可能导致HIV阳性病人高心血管发病率的因素中,除了免疫缺陷以及代谢紊乱之外,鸡尾酒疗法的副作用越来越引起人们的重视。目前,针对ART药物在心血管方面的影响主要关注其主干药物核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂与蛋白酶抑制剂的副作用。该文就这两种药物在心血管疾病方面的相关研究进展进行了综述。 Cocktail therapy, also known as antiretroviral therapy (ART), makes AIDS a clinically controlled disease. However, there is growing evidence that the incidence of cardiovascular disease is high in HIV-positive patients receiving cocktail therapy. Among the many factors that contribute to the high cardiovascular morbidity in HIV-positive patients, aside from immunodeficiency and metabolic disorders, the side effects of cocktail therapy are gaining more and more attention. At present, the cardiovascular effects of ART drugs are mainly concerned with the side effects of its nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and protease inhibitors. This article reviews the progress of these two drugs in cardiovascular diseases.