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Foxp3,叉头/翼状螺旋转录因子3,是调节性T细胞发挥免疫抑制功能的关键性的转录因子。Foxp3与自身免疫性疾病,感染和肿瘤免疫逃避/逃逸的机制密切相关。参与Foxp3转录的主要信号通路包括:白细胞介素2受体(IL-2R)信号转导和转录激活因子(STAT)途径、转化生长因子β(TGF-β)/Smad通路、Notch信号通路、干扰素(IFN)/干扰素调节因子(IRF)和IFN/一氧化氮(NO)轴、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(Akt)/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶(mTOR)轴等。本文将对Foxp3的转录调控的分子机制进行归纳总结,旨在阐明其在自身免疫性疾病、炎性疾病、移植排斥、感染和肿瘤中所起的作用及机制。
Foxp3, Fork / Winged spiral transcription factor 3, is a key transcription factor for regulatory T cells to function as an immunosuppressive agent. Foxp3 is closely related to the mechanisms of autoimmune diseases, infections and tumor immune escape / escaping. The major signaling pathways involved in Foxp3 transcription include the interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R) signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway, the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) / Smad pathway, the Notch signaling pathway, (IRF) and IFN / nitric oxide (NO) axis, phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K) / protein kinase B (Akt) / mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) Shaft and so on. This article will summarize the molecular mechanism of Foxp3 transcriptional regulation in order to clarify its role and mechanism in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, transplant rejection, infection and cancer.