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目的了解狂犬病疫苗的免疫效果及其影响因素,为预防狂犬病发生提供依据。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对全程足量注射狂犬病疫苗者进行狂犬病病毒中和抗体检测。结果 2011-2013年共检测1 692名狂犬病疫苗接种者,全程接种疫苗后抗体阳性1 655人,总阳性率为97.81%。其中各年度的阳性率分别为97.79%、97.56%、98.10%(P>0.05);男性阳性率为97.87%,女性阳性率为97.56%,不同性别之间对抗体产生差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);0~19岁、20~60岁及60~岁组者抗体阳性率分别为99.06%、97.90%、94.17%(P<0.01),不同年龄组抗体阳性率有所不同。结论接种狂犬病疫苗后进行抗体检测尤为重要,抗体阴性者应及时进行加强免疫,确保免疫效果。
Objective To understand the immune effect of rabies vaccine and its influencing factors, to provide a basis for the prevention of rabies. Methods Rabies virus was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results A total of 1 692 rabies vaccine vaccines were detected in 2011-2013. The total number of antibodies was 1 655 after vaccination, with a total positive rate of 97.81%. The positive rates in each year were 97.79%, 97.56% and 98.10%, respectively (P> 0.05). The positive rate of male was 97.87% and the positive rate of female was 97.56%. There was no significant difference in antibody production between different sexes (P > 0.05). The positive rates of antibody in 0 ~ 19 years old, 20 ~ 60 years old and 60 ~ years old group were 99.06%, 97.90% and 94.17% respectively (P <0.01). The positive rates of antibody in different age groups were different. Conclusion It is very important to detect the antibody after rabies vaccination, and the antibody negative should be promptly boosted to ensure the immune effect.