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组织胞浆菌病主要发生在一些特殊地域,如美国中西部、非洲及拉丁美洲。在中国也有散发病例。相关数据显示我国组织胞浆菌感染率呈地区性分布,主要是长江流域的九省,多雨潮湿的中南、华东和西南感染率较高;患者多为系统性感染者(85.0%),主要临床特征为发热(89.1%)和肝脾肿大。组织胞浆菌病的诊断较困难,主要根据症状、相关疫源地的旅游史或居住史。真菌培养的阳性率低,血液裂解离心系统可提高培养阳性率。其治疗推荐使用两性霉素B相关制剂、伊曲康唑及氟康唑,氟康唑疗效不及伊曲康唑。
Histoplasmosis occurs mainly in some special areas, such as the Midwest, Africa and Latin America. There are also cases of sporadic cases in China. The data showed that the prevalence of histoplasma infection in our country was mainly in the nine provinces in the Yangtze River basin, with a higher infection rate in rainy and humid central, southern, eastern and southwest China. Most of the patients were systematically infected (85.0%), Characterized by fever (89.1%) and hepatosplenomegaly. Diagnosis of histoplasmosis more difficult, mainly based on symptoms, related to the source of travel or living history. The positive rate of fungal culture is low, and the blood lysate centrifuge system can raise the positive rate of culture. The treatment recommended amphotericin B-related preparations, itraconazole and fluconazole, fluconazole less effective than itraconazole.