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贫困是东南亚地区实现2030年可持续发展目标和区域共同繁荣面临的重要挑战。东南亚地区贫困人口聚集,减贫成效与经济发展水平、农业生产率、交通基础设施和科技教育等方面的发展和投入水平密切相关。日本、美国等国政府以及世界银行、亚洲开发银行等多边政府和非政府机构在东南亚实施的项目对于东南亚国家的减贫有一定的推动作用。东南亚目前主要存在基础减贫、产业减贫和生态减贫3种减贫开发模式,不同模式之间并无非此即彼的替代关系,需要因地制宜、具体规划。中国政府提出的“一带一路”倡议和后续一系列相关政策在合作内容上基本覆盖3种减贫模式。随着“一带一路”倡议下双边和多边合作的不断推进,中国与东南亚国家之间的交往和合作水平将不断提高,东南亚地区的基础设施、能源、农业等产业发展将在人才、资金、技术、互联互通渠道、合作平台建设等支撑条件的持续发展中得到进一步加强,进而推动东南亚贫困问题的解决和可持续发展目标的实现。
Poverty is an important challenge facing the Southeast Asian region in achieving the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals and the common prosperity of the region. The accumulation of poverty in Southeast Asia, the effectiveness of poverty reduction and the level of economic development, agricultural productivity, transport infrastructure and science and technology education and other aspects of development and investment are closely related. The governments of Japan and the United States, as well as the projects implemented by the multilateral governments and non-governmental organizations such as the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank in Southeast Asia, will have a certain impetus to poverty reduction in Southeast Asian countries. At present, there are mainly three types of poverty alleviation and development mode in basic poverty reduction, industrial poverty reduction and ecological poverty reduction in Southeast Asia. There is no alternative or alternative between different modes, which needs to be tailored to local conditions and specific planning. The “One Belt and One Road” initiative proposed by the Chinese government and a series of follow-up related policies basically cover three types of poverty reduction models in their cooperation. With the continuous promotion of bilateral and multilateral cooperation under the “Belt and Road Initiatives”, the level of exchanges and cooperation between China and Southeast Asian countries will continue to increase. The industrial development in infrastructure, energy and agriculture in Southeast Asia will take place in the areas of personnel, funds The continuous development of such supportive conditions as technology, interoperability channels and cooperation platform construction will be further strengthened, so as to promote the solution of poverty in Southeast Asia and the realization of the goal of sustainable development.