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乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤,发病率和死亡率近年均呈逐渐上升的趋势。随着人们防癌筛查意识的提高和检查技术手段的进步,早期乳腺癌的发现比率也在逐年提高。从Halsted提出根治术的1 00多年来,传统的乳腺癌外科治疗模式从切除胸大肌、胸小肌的根治术逐步发展到20世纪70年代的改良根治术,切除范围包括全部乳房及腋窝淋巴结。然而大量的研究数据证实,手术范围的扩大并不能显著改善乳腺癌的预后。20
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women, and morbidity and mortality have been gradually increasing in recent years. With people’s awareness of cancer screening and inspection techniques improve, the detection rate of early breast cancer is also increasing year by year. From Halsted proposed radical surgery more than 100 years, the traditional surgical treatment of breast cancer from the removal of pectoralis major, pectoralis minor radical surgery and gradually developed to the 20th century, 70’s modified radical mastectomy, resection range includes all breasts and axillary lymph nodes . However, a large number of research data confirm that the expansion of the scope of surgery does not significantly improve the prognosis of breast cancer. 20