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基于耦合模理论,推导了熔锥型保偏光纤耦合器快慢轴耦合系数的关系式。通过对标准3 dB保偏光纤耦合器的偏振依赖性、波长依赖性、温度依赖性、双折射依赖性所引起的分光比变化的分析,得出了不同依赖因素对标准3 dB耦合器分光比稳定性影响程度的大小。分析结果表明,保偏光纤耦合器的双折射依赖性十分显著;波长依赖性和温度依赖性其次;在一定的工艺条件下,偏振依赖性可以忽略。另外,耦合器的固有双折射越大,分光比波动越大。所得结论对制作熔锥型保偏光纤耦合器的光纤选择、拉制工艺、封装工艺的优化和改进有重要意义。
Based on the coupled-mode theory, the relation between the fast and slow coupling coefficients of fused-cone polarization-maintaining fiber couplers was derived. Based on the analysis of the change of the splitting ratio caused by the polarization dependence, the wavelength dependence, the temperature dependence and the birefringence dependence of the standard 3 dB polarization maintaining fiber coupler, the dependence of the different dependence factors on the standard 3 dB coupler splitting ratio The extent of the impact of stability. The analysis results show that the birefringence dependence of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler is significant; wavelength dependent and temperature dependent; secondly, under certain process conditions, the polarization dependence can be neglected. In addition, the greater the inherent birefringence of the coupler, the greater the splitting ratio. The conclusion is of great significance to the selection and drawing of optical fiber, the optimization and improvement of the packaging process for the fabrication of fused-cone polarization-maintaining fiber coupler.