一、前言通过海洋调查所得的海水温度、盐度和深度值进行海水比容偏差及海水比容值计算时,由于要求这样计算出来的值有±×10~(-5)的精确度,以适应动力计算的需要,因而便要求温度、氯度和深度的调查值各有一定的精确度。对于深海来说,这个问题比较明确,可是对于海深在100米的范围来说,对这些调查值的精确度将如何要求呢?下面就研究这个问题。当然,直接将深海动力计算的原理及方法应用到浅海中去是不可以的,因为在深海动力计算中有一个前提,就是要有一个无运动面的存在,在那里水平压强梯度为0,同时水平流速为。,这个前提在浅海是不存在的。在浅海,即令是海底,也不能视作无运动面,因而在海底水平压强梯度既不为0,水平流速也就不能为0了。但如让在海底水平压强梯度及水平 I. INTRODUCTION In the calculation of the seawater specific volume deviations and the seawater specific volume values ​​from the seawater temperature, salinity and depth values ​​obtained from marine surveys, since the values ​​thus calculated are required to have an accuracy of ± × 10 -5, Adapting to the need for dynamic calculations requires a certain degree of precision in the investigation of temperature, chloride and depth. The problem is clear for the deep sea, but what about the accuracy of these survey values ​​for a sea depth of 100 meters? Let’s look at the problem. Of course, it is not possible to directly apply the principles and methods of deep-sea dynamic calculations to shallow seas because there is a premise in deep-sea dynamic calculations that there must be a non-moving surface where the horizontal gradient of pressure is zero and at the same time The horizontal velocity is. This premise does not exist in the shallow sea. In the shallow sea, even if it is the seabed, it can not be considered as a motionless surface, so the horizontal pressure gradient at the seabed is neither zero nor the horizontal velocity 0. But let the gradient and level of pressure at the sea level