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簇毛麦(Haynaldia villosa)是小麦(Triticum aestivum)改良的重要遗传资源.培育小片段易位,特别是中间插入易位,有助于更好地利用外源有益基因.已报道的小麦-簇毛麦易位系大多数属于整臂易位或大片段易位.本研究以60Co-γ射线(剂量率:1.6Gy/min,三种剂量:16.0,19.2和22.4Gy)处理整臂易位系的成熟雌配子,随后选取适龄穗子去雄套袋,2~3天后再用普通小麦品种“中国春”的新鲜成熟花粉授粉.通过M1植株根尖细胞有丝分裂中期染色体基因组原位杂交(genomic in situ hybridization,GISH),从534株M1材料中检测到97株涉及6V染色体短臂(6VS)的小片段结构变异,包括小片段中间插入易位染色体80条、末端易位染色体57条和6VS缺失55条.在22.4Gy处理中这三种结构变异的诱变频率分别为21.02%,14.01%和14.65%,远远高于已报道的结果.获得了涉及146条6VS小片段结构变异的74株M1材料的回交种子.M1植株中的小片段结构变异可通过回交传递给后代.利用电离辐射处理整臂易位系成熟雌配子是一种高效诱导染色体小片段结构变异、特别是中间插入易位的新方法.
Haynaldia villosa is an important genetic resource for the improvement of wheat (Triticum aestivum) .To cultivate small fragment translocations, especially the translocation in the middle, helps to make better use of exogenous genes.The reported wheat-cluster Most of maize translocations are whole-arm translocation or large-translocation.In this study, whole-arm translocation was treated with 60Co-γ-ray (dose rate: 1.6Gy / min, three doses: 16.0, 19.2 and 22.4Gy) Department of mature female gametes, and then select the appropriate ears to bagging, 2 to 3 days and then the common wheat varieties “Chinese Spring ” of fresh and mature pollen by M1 plant root tip mitosis metaphase chromosome in situ hybridization ( A total of 97 small chromosome fragments (6VS) were detected from 534 M1 materials. The results showed that there were 80 translocation chromosomes and 57 terminal translocation chromosomes 6VS deletion 55. The mutagenic frequencies of these three structural variations in 22.4Gy treatments were 21.02%, 14.01% and 14.65%, respectively, which were much higher than the reported results.The structure variation of 146 small 6VS fragments was obtained Backcross seeds of 74 M1 plants. Small fragments in M1 plants Variation of configuration by passing to backcross progeny. Treatment with ionizing radiation the whole arm translocation mature female gametes is an efficient structural variation induced by small segments of chromosomes, in particular, a new method of intervening translocation.