自从斯大林的“马克思主义与语言学问题”发表以后,许多人都根据斯大林说的不要把“基础”与生产、生产力混淆,而把“基础”只限于“生产关系的总和”;认为“基础”就是“生产关系”,谁要把“基础”与生产方式混为一谈,一旦让生产力包括在“基础”的概念之内,就是一种“唯生产力论”。这样,历史唯物主义就有两个“基 Since the publication of Stalin’s Marxist and Linguistic Issues, many people, based on what Stalin said, do not confuse “foundations” with production and productivity but confine “foundations” only to “the sum of the relations of production.” According to Stalin, “basic” It is “production relations.” Whoever conflates “foundations” with modes of production? Once the concept of “basic” is included in productivity, it is a kind of “theory of productive forces.” In this way, historical materialism has two “bases.”