论文部分内容阅读
目的了解上海城区儿童青少年呼吸道疾病患病和症状检出率,为呼吸道疾病的预防和控制提供依据。方法采取多阶段分层整群抽样方法 ,抽取上海城区16所中小学和幼儿园共6551名学生,应用修订的美国胸科协会(AST)推荐的《儿童呼吸系统疾病调查问卷》调查常见呼吸道疾病和症状的检出情况。结果儿童青少年持续咳嗽、持续咳痰、喘息、喘息样症状的检出率分别为8.6%,4.4%,7.1%和2.7%,哮喘、哮喘现患、支气管炎的患病率分别为4.5%,1.9%和1.8%。持续咳嗽检出率及哮喘、哮喘现患、支气管炎患病率各年龄组间存在一定的差异,低年龄组高于高年龄组(P<0.05);除支气管炎外,其他呼吸道症状检出率与疾病患病率均为男生高于女生(P值均<0.05);儿童居住在内环、中环的持续咳痰、喘息、哮喘、哮喘现患、支气管炎均高于外环(P值均<0.05)。结论上海城区儿童青少年呼吸道疾病患病和症状检出率存在年龄、性别和地区差异,低年龄组高于高年龄组,男性高于女性,城区内环、中环高于外环。
Objective To understand the prevalence and symptoms of respiratory diseases among children and adolescents in Shanghai urban area and provide the basis for the prevention and control of respiratory diseases. Methods A total of 6551 students from 16 primary and secondary schools and kindergartens in Shanghai urban area were collected by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method. Common respiratory diseases were investigated using the revised “Children’s Respiratory Diseases Questionnaire” recommended by the American Thoracic Society (AST) The detection of symptoms. Results The prevalence of persistent cough, persistent sputum, wheezing and wheezing in children and adolescents were 8.6%, 4.4%, 7.1% and 2.7% respectively. The prevalence rates of asthma, asthma and bronchitis were 4.5% 1.9% and 1.8%. The prevalence of persistent cough, the prevalence of asthma, the prevalence of asthma and the prevalence of bronchitis varied slightly among different age groups, with the lower age group being higher than the older age group (P <0.05). Other than bronchitis, other respiratory symptoms were detected (P <0.05). Children living in the inner ring and the middle ring had higher persistent sputum, wheezing, asthma, current asthma and bronchitis than the outer ring (P value All <0.05). Conclusion There are age, gender and regional differences in the prevalence and symptoms of respiratory diseases among children and adolescents in Shanghai urban areas. The lower age group is higher than the upper age group, the male is higher than the female, the inner city ring and the middle ring are higher than the outer ring.