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在句子中起名词作用的从句，称为名词性从句。根据其在句中所起的作用，从句分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同谓语从句。名词性从句是高中英语学习的重点和难点，也是历届英语高考的主要考点之一。
一、名词性从句的引导词
1.that在名词性从句中不作成分，没有意义，只起到连接的作用；在引导宾语从句中可以省略（如果是并列的两个或两个以上的宾语从句只能省略前者），that在引导主语、表语或同位语从句时不能省略。
（1）Chuck learns （that） we need friends to share happiness and sorry，and that it is important to have someone to care about.
（2）Having checked the doors were closed，and _______ all the lights were off，the boy opened the door to his bedroom.（B）（2007湖南，28）
A.why B.that C.when D.where
2.what在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
（1）_______ matters most in learning English is enough practice.（A）（2007全国II，17）
A.What B.Why C.Where D.Which
（2）Choosing the right dictionary depends on _______ you want to use it for.（A）（2007江苏，25）
A.what B.why C.how D.where
3.其他引导词根据从句所缺成分的含义确定引导词。
（1）_______ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is known.（C）
A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.Which
（2）We haven’t settled the question of _______ it is necessary for him to study abroad.（C）（2006江苏，35）
A.if B.where C.whether D.that
句意：我们还没有解决这一问题——他是否有必要去国外学习。根据句意排除B，D。介词of后面用宾语从句时只能用whether，不用if。
通常，引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和介词后面的宾语从句要用连词whether，不用if。
二、名词性从句的语序问题
（1）Why not try your luck downtown，Bob?That’s _______ the best jobs are.（A）（2007浙江，5）
A.where B.what C.when D.why
（2）We cannot figure out _______ quit a number of insects，birds，and animals are dying out.（C）（2004北京，31）
A.that B.as C.why D.when
通过以上句子可以看出，名词性从句必须陈述语序。
再如：You can’t imagine _______ when they received these nice Christmas presents.（B）
A.how they were excited B.how excited they were
C.how excited were they D.they were how excited
答案为B，同时还须注意，从句的引导词必须始终置于句首。
三、关于主语从句和宾语从句的形式主语和形式宾语
（1）_______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.（D）
A.There B.This C.That D.It
当主语从句较长，谓语较短时，常将从句后置，用it作为形式主语置于句首。形式宾语也用it，think，find，consider，believe，feel等动词后常可以带it作形式宾语。
例如，Many people think it possible that a trade war between EU and the States will happen.
四、who/whoever，what/whatever等的用法区别
（1）_______ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.（A）（2006辽宁，30）
A.What B.Who C.Whatever D.Whoever
（2）Could I speak to _______ is in charge of International Sales，please.（C）（2007山东，22）
A.anyone B.someone
C.whoever D.no matter who
学生在名词性从句的学习过程中，可以从以上几点来掌握这种句式知识。
一、名词性从句的引导词
1.that在名词性从句中不作成分，没有意义，只起到连接的作用；在引导宾语从句中可以省略（如果是并列的两个或两个以上的宾语从句只能省略前者），that在引导主语、表语或同位语从句时不能省略。
（1）Chuck learns （that） we need friends to share happiness and sorry，and that it is important to have someone to care about.
（2）Having checked the doors were closed，and _______ all the lights were off，the boy opened the door to his bedroom.（B）（2007湖南，28）
A.why B.that C.when D.where
2.what在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
（1）_______ matters most in learning English is enough practice.（A）（2007全国II，17）
A.What B.Why C.Where D.Which
（2）Choosing the right dictionary depends on _______ you want to use it for.（A）（2007江苏，25）
A.what B.why C.how D.where
3.其他引导词根据从句所缺成分的含义确定引导词。
（1）_______ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is known.（C）
A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.Which
（2）We haven’t settled the question of _______ it is necessary for him to study abroad.（C）（2006江苏，35）
A.if B.where C.whether D.that
句意：我们还没有解决这一问题——他是否有必要去国外学习。根据句意排除B，D。介词of后面用宾语从句时只能用whether，不用if。
通常，引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和介词后面的宾语从句要用连词whether，不用if。
二、名词性从句的语序问题
（1）Why not try your luck downtown，Bob?That’s _______ the best jobs are.（A）（2007浙江，5）
A.where B.what C.when D.why
（2）We cannot figure out _______ quit a number of insects，birds，and animals are dying out.（C）（2004北京，31）
A.that B.as C.why D.when
通过以上句子可以看出，名词性从句必须陈述语序。
再如：You can’t imagine _______ when they received these nice Christmas presents.（B）
A.how they were excited B.how excited they were
C.how excited were they D.they were how excited
答案为B，同时还须注意，从句的引导词必须始终置于句首。
三、关于主语从句和宾语从句的形式主语和形式宾语
（1）_______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.（D）
A.There B.This C.That D.It
当主语从句较长，谓语较短时，常将从句后置，用it作为形式主语置于句首。形式宾语也用it，think，find，consider，believe，feel等动词后常可以带it作形式宾语。
例如，Many people think it possible that a trade war between EU and the States will happen.
四、who/whoever，what/whatever等的用法区别
（1）_______ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.（A）（2006辽宁，30）
A.What B.Who C.Whatever D.Whoever
（2）Could I speak to _______ is in charge of International Sales，please.（C）（2007山东，22）
A.anyone B.someone
C.whoever D.no matter who
学生在名词性从句的学习过程中，可以从以上几点来掌握这种句式知识。