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目的了解医院住院患者金黄色葡萄球菌感染分布特征及耐药性,为临床选择抗菌药物防控其感染提供依据。方法采用病原菌分离鉴定和药敏试验方法,对某医院临床送检病原学标本进行检测并对结果进行统计分析。结果从该医院住院患者送检病原学标本中共检出金黄色葡萄球菌201株,其中有46.7%分离自痰液、有20.0%分离自脓液,分离自分泌物标本占17.4%。临床分离的金黄色葡萄球菌对万古霉素、替考拉宁和利奈唑胺等抗菌药物全部敏感;对其他临床常用抗菌药物呈现出不同耐药性;耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)对庆大霉素、氨苄西林和头孢唑林等抗菌药物的耐药率明显高于甲氧西林敏感菌株。结论该医院临床分离的金黄色葡萄球菌主要分离自痰液、脓液和分泌物,耐药性严重,提示应加强药敏试验,并以此指导临床选择抗菌药物。
Objective To understand the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus inpatients in hospital and provide the basis for selecting antimicrobial agents for prevention and control of infection. Methods Separation and identification of pathogens and drug susceptibility testing methods were used to detect the etiological specimens of clinical specimens from a hospital and the results were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 201 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were detected in the etiological specimens of hospitalized patients in this hospital. Among them, 46.7% were isolated from sputum, 20.0% were isolated from pus and 17.4% were isolated from secretions. Staphylococcus aureus was clinically sensitive to vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid and other antibacterials were all sensitive to other clinical commonly used antibiotics showed different drug resistance; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) The resistance rate to gentamicin, ampicillin and cefazolin and other antibacterials was significantly higher than that of methicillin-sensitive strains. Conclusion The clinically isolated Staphylococcus aureus is mainly isolated from sputum, pus and secretions. The drug resistance is serious, suggesting that drug susceptibility testing should be strengthened to guide the clinical selection of antibacterial drugs.