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该研究以‘鸭梨’ב京白梨’杂交后代高酸个体(GS-Y14)和低酸个体(DS-Y182)为试材,系统分析了果实发育过程中有机酸积累动态及相关酶活性的变化特征。结果表明:(1)GS-Y14属于苹果酸优势型果实,DS-Y182属于柠檬酸优势型果实,且成熟时两者在总酸含量上表现出的差异主要是由于苹果酸含量的差异所致。(2)苹果酸酶(NADP-ME)是苹果酸形成的关键酶,在梨果实发育过程中NADP-ME起分解作用,且该酶活性在两类个体果实发育后期差异显著,即NADP-ME是引起GS-Y14和DS-Y182中苹果酸含量不同的主要原因,进而导致成熟时两类个体果实酸积累的差异。(3)梨果实磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶(PEPC)活性的升高有利于其柠檬酸的合成,而柠檬酸合酶(CS)是影响其柠檬酸含量变化的关键酶;细胞质乌头酸酶(Cyt-ACO)和线粒体乌头酸酶(Mit-ACO)早期对果实柠檬酸的含量变化影响较小,后期异柠檬酸脱氢酶(NAD-IDH)活性对柠檬酸在后代个体中的积累有一定影响。
In this study, the high acid individuals (GS-Y14) and the low-acid individuals (DS-Y182) were used to analyze the accumulation of organic acids and related enzymes during fruit development Changes in activity characteristics. The results showed that: (1) GS-Y14 belonged to the dominant fruit of malic acid, DS-Y182 belonged to the predominant fruit of citric acid, and the difference in total acid content between the two was mainly due to the difference in malic acid content . (2) NADP-ME was the key enzyme in the formation of malic acid. NADP-ME played a role in the decomposition of pear fruit during the fruit development. NADP-ME Is the main reason for the different content of malic acid in GS-Y14 and DS-Y182, which leads to the difference of fruit acid accumulation between two types of individuals at maturity. (3) Elevated phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) activity in pear fruit is beneficial to the citrate synthesis, whereas citrate synthase (CS) is the key enzyme affecting citric acid content. ACh and mitochondrial aconitase (Mit-ACO) had little effect on the content of citric acid in the early stage, while the activity of NAD-IDH in late stage had no significant effect on citric acid in offspring The accumulation of a certain impact.