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目的调查黄胸鼠体表印鼠客蚤的群体集聚分布特征,为鼠疫的防治提供依据。方法于2013年2月20日至3月2日,采用笼捕法捕获鼠类进行鼠体蚤采集,计算鼠体染蚤率和蚤指数。结果在景洪市沿澜沧江两岸的4个调查点共捕获黄胸鼠73只,从其体表采集到印鼠客蚤1 169匹,其中在曼飞龙水库鱼苗场调查点获蚤1 056匹,染蚤率为95.45%,总蚤指数高达48.00,形成罕见的鼠体蚤高密度群体超寄生现象。调查还发现印鼠客蚤的雌雄性比与既往调查及实验室繁殖有明显差别。结论较高的黄胸鼠、印鼠客蚤密度是鼠疫发生流行的重要条件。景洪市一段时间后再度暴发鼠疫的可能性依然存在,应引起云南省各级政府及疾病控制部门的高度关注。
Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of population agglomeration of fleas on the surface of Radix Astragalus and provide a basis for the prevention and control of the plague. Methods From February 20 to March 2, 2013, the rats were captured by the cage catching method to collect the fleas, and the flea flea index and the flea index were calculated. Results A total of 73 Rattus flavipectus were captured at 4 investigation sites across the Lancang River in Jinghong City. A total of 1 169 horses were collected from their body surface, of which 1056 were found at the survey site of the Manfanglong Reservoir, The rate of flea infection was 95.45% and the total flea index was as high as 48.00, forming a rare hyperparasite phenomenon in the high-density population of fleas in rats. The survey also found that the male and female rat fleas than previous surveys and laboratory reproduction were significantly different. Conclusion The higher Rattus flavipectus and Rattus flava flea density are the important conditions for the epidemic of plague. The possibility of another outbreak of plague in Jinghong City after some time still exists, which should arouse great attention from governments at all levels and disease control departments in Yunnan Province.