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通过对哮喘患者的尸检和活体组织检查,发现哮喘患者的气道有炎症浸润和结构改变。但在这些研究中都注意的是大气道的变化。哮喘患者小气道的病理变化是否与大气道相同,炎症反应是否导致小气道的结构改变。是人们极为关注的问题。 炎症细胞:研究观察了大、小气道的炎症细胞数量,通常把直径小于2mm的气道定义为小气道。Synek等对死于哮喘的患者,与患有哮喘但死于其他原因的患者的气道上皮及支气管壁中的白细胞数量进行了比较。结果表明,嗜酸粒细胞在支气管上皮的浸润遍及大小气道。急性重症哮喘患者近端气道浸润严重。在一组死于急性、窒息性哮喘的5例患者中有同样发现。其T细胞、嗜酸粒细胞和巨噬细胞的数量在近端气道高于直径小于1mm的气道。对切除的肺组织
Through the autopsy and biopsy of asthmatic patients, it is found that airway inflammation and structural changes in asthmatic patients. However, in all these studies, attention has been paid to the changes in the airways. Whether the pathological changes of small airways in asthmatic patients is the same as that of the airways and whether the inflammatory response leads to structural changes of the small airways. People are extremely concerned about the issue. Inflammatory cells: study observed the number of large and small airway inflammatory cells, airways are usually smaller than 2mm in diameter is defined as small airways. Synek et al. Compared the number of white blood cells in the airway epithelium and bronchial wall of patients who died of asthma with those who had asthma but died of other causes. The results showed that eosinophil infiltration in the bronchial epithelium throughout the size of the airway. Acute severe asthma patients with severe proximal airway infiltration. The same findings were found in a group of 5 patients who died of acute, asphyxiated asthma. The number of T cells, eosinophils and macrophages is higher in the proximal airways than in the airways less than 1 mm in diameter. Right excised lung tissue