“九五”以来江苏经济结构调整取得明显成效。在工业结构调整中,不仅重视发展新兴产业,而且非常重视传统优势工业。在制定和实施“十五”计划时,又把加快运用高新技术和先进适用技术改造提升传统产业,作为优化产业结构的重要措施。这一点,省委省政府领导是坚定不移的。但在经济界,对传统工业,特别对现阶段还是劳动密集型工业有一个认识过程。进入九十年代,由于不少工业产品供过于求以及种种原因,不少传统工业企业经济效益下降,如纺织业,当时社会上出现了“夕阳工业”之说。其实一个产业的存在和发展,取决于其市场价值、竞争能力(特别是技术进步的程度)及其在国家社会经济中的作用。以纺织工业为例,尽管当时中国的纺织工业整体效益下降,特别是国企,而国内外市场纺织服装的贸易量仍年年增长。供过于求,看是数量问题,实是结构问题。我国纺织品生产中,服装面料占80%,装饰纺织品占15%,产业用纺织品只占5%。出口产品则主要是服装,而进口纺织品中装饰纺织品却占45%,进口的棉纱多于出口棉纱。出口的纺织品、服装基本上是中低档品,进口的是中高档品。机械、食品等也有类似情况。从传统工业对我国社会、经济的作用来讲,当前乃至相当一段时期内仍是出 Since the “Ninth Five-Year Plan”, Jiangsu’s economic restructuring has achieved remarkable results. In the adjustment of industrial structure, not only the development of emerging industries, but also attaches great importance to traditional industries. In the formulation and implementation of the “10th Five-Year Plan”, we have also accelerated the use of high technology and advanced and applicable technologies to transform and upgrade traditional industries as an important measure to optimize the industrial structure. This point, the leadership of the provincial party committee and government is unwavering. However, in the economic world, there is a process of understanding traditional industries, especially the current stage or labor-intensive industries. In the 1990s, due to the oversupply of many industrial products and various reasons, the economic benefits of many traditional industrial enterprises declined, such as the textile industry. At that time, there was a “sunset industry” in the society. In fact, the existence and development of an industry depends on its market value, competitiveness (especially the degree of technological progress) and its role in the country’s social economy. Take the textile industry as an example. Although the overall efficiency of China’s textile industry declined at the time, especially state-owned enterprises, the trade volume of textiles and garments in domestic and foreign markets continued to increase year after year. Oversupply is a matter of quantity. It is indeed a structural issue. In China’s textile production, apparel fabrics account for 80%, decorative textiles 15%, and industrial textiles only 5%. The export products are mainly garments, while the textiles for imported textiles account for 45%, and more cotton yarns are imported than export cotton yarns. Exports of textiles and clothing are basically middle and low grades, and imports are high-end products. Machinery, food, etc. have similar situations. From the perspective of the role of traditional industries in our country’s society and economy, it is still present even for quite a while.