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海水养殖环节是海水产品质量安全控制的源头,考察养殖户的质量安全控制行为及其影响因素对于保证海产品质量安全水平有重要的现实意义。依据计划行为理论,构建海水养殖户质量安全控制行为分析框架,采用来自宁波和台州养殖户的调查数据,利用结构方程模型对质量安全控制行为及其潜在影响因素进行实证分析。结果表明,质量安全控制行为主要表现为参加专业合作社、无公害农产品认证和政府推广的生产技术培训;养殖户的质量安全意识、单位利润和养殖水域是否自有等经营状况对质量安全控制行为有显著的正向影响;而养殖品种数量和户主年龄对质量安全控制行为有显著负向影响。研究表明,政府管制、质量安全意识及经营特征等是质量安全控制行为的主要影响因素。因此,提出加强政府对海水养殖户的质量安全管制,提高养殖户的质量安全意识,并针对不同经营特征的养殖户采取差异化措施。
Seawater aquaculture is the source of quality and safety control of marine products. Examining the quality and safety control behaviors of farmers and their influencing factors are of important practical significance for ensuring the quality and safety of seafood. According to the theory of planned behavior, this paper constructs the analysis framework of quality safety control behavior of mariculture households, uses the survey data from farmers in Ningbo and Taizhou, and empirically analyzes the quality safety control behavior and its potential influencing factors by the structural equation model. The results showed that quality control behavior was mainly manifested in the training of production technicians who participated in the certification of professional cooperatives, pollution-free agricultural products and government promotion; the quality and safety awareness of farmers, the profits of units and whether the breeding waters were owned or not, Significant positive impact; while the number of breeding breeds and the age of head quarters had a significant negative impact on quality safety control behavior. Research shows that government regulation, quality and safety awareness and management characteristics are the main influencing factors of quality and safety control. Therefore, it is proposed to strengthen the government’s quality and safety control over seawater farmers and raise awareness of farmers’ quality and safety, and take measures to differentiate the farmers with different management characteristics.