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长期以来,国人由于对文化遗产的价值缺乏正确的认识,导致文化遗产保护起步较晚。鸦片战争以来,中国文化遗产遭受到前所未有的毁坏和流失,西方帝国主义对此有着不可推卸的责任。但在中国文化遗产保护历程中,西方文明也曾起到不可忽略的推动作用:无论是近代考古学的兴起,还是兴建博物馆的理念和实践,无不受到西方的影响。之前的研究较多讨论西方列强对我国文化遗产的掠夺和破坏,较少涉及其所发挥的促进作用。通过对这一问题的探讨,有利于进一步认清中国近代文化遗产保护意识兴起的动因。
For a long time, due to the lack of a correct understanding of the value of cultural heritage, the protection of cultural heritage started late. Since the Opium War, the Chinese cultural heritage has suffered unprecedented destruction and loss, and Western imperialism has an unshirkable responsibility to this. However, during the protection of Chinese cultural heritage, western civilization also played a non-negligible impetus role. Whether it is the rise of modern archeology or the idea and practice of building a museum, it is all influenced by the West. Previous studies discussed more about the plundering and sabotage of our country’s cultural heritage by the Western powers, but less about their promotional role. Through the discussion of this issue, it is helpful to further understand the motivation of the rise of China’s modern cultural heritage protection awareness.