以聚乙烯醇(PEG)为结构导向剂,利用水热法合成了形貌可控的Ta2O5纳米柱.采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜、漫反射紫外-可见光谱和光致发光光谱对所制备样品进行了表征.考察了结晶时间和Ta2O5/Sr(OH)2摩尔比等合成参数对样品形貌的影响,并在此基础上对Ta2O5纳米粒可能的生长机理进行了推测.结果表明,在PEG和Sr(OH)2存在条件下可以合成形貌可控的Ta2O5纳米柱.研究了紫外光下Ta2O5纳米柱降解罗丹明B的光催化性能,发现Ta2O5的形貌对光催化性能有很大影响,Ta2O5纳米柱的光催化性能与其长度和直径比成线性关系.催化降解反应的表观速率常数最高可达0.156 min–1,且经多次循环使用后,样品仍然保持较高的催化性能. Ta2O5 nanotubes with controlled morphology were synthesized by the hydrothermal method using polyvinyl alcohol (PEG) as the structure-directing agent.Using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectra (Ta2O5 / Sr (OH) 2) on the morphology of the samples were investigated.The possible growth mechanism of Ta2O5 nanoparticles was also presumed.According to the results, In the presence of PEG and Sr (OH) 2, Ta 2 O 5 nanotubes with controlled morphology can be synthesized.The photocatalytic activity of Ta 2 O 5 nanorods degrading Rhodamine B under UV light was studied and it was found that the morphology of Ta 2 O 5 has a very good photocatalytic activity The photocatalytic activity of Ta2O5 nanoparticle has a linear relationship with its length and diameter ratio.The apparent rate constant of catalytic degradation reaction is up to 0.156 min-1, and the sample still retains high catalytic activity after repeated cycles performance.