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酪蛋白是乳中最主要的蛋白质,除了提供氨基酸和能量的营养功能外,酪蛋白还是生物活性肽的重要来源。在众多的增强机体免疫功能的措施中,营养调控措施最切实可行,且处于核心地位。其中,通过多种途径从生物体和食物蛋白中获取具有免疫调节活性的小肽以增强机体免疫功能的一种策略。这些小肽本身以非活性状态存在于蛋白质氨基酸序列中,当用适当的蛋白酶进行体外水解或在胃肠道消化过程中以及食品加工过程中,它们的活性就被释放出来,并可作为生理功能的重要调节剂。到目前为止,已经发现了几十种具有不同生理功能的生物活性肽,免疫调节肽就是其中研究较多的一类生物活性肽,它能够增强人体的免疫功能,对人体特别是对新生儿正常生理功能发挥着不可替代的功能,它的开发利用和进一步深入研究具有重要意义。因此,本文对目前有关免疫调节肽的研究进展进行简要综述,重点对牛乳酪蛋白源免疫调节肽进行阐述。
Casein is the most important protein in milk, and in addition to providing nutritional functions of amino acids and energy, casein is an important source of bioactive peptides. Among the many measures to enhance the body’s immune function, nutritional control measures are most feasible and at the core. Among them, one of the ways to obtain small peptides with immunomodulating activity from organisms and food proteins to enhance the immune function of the organism is various ways. These small peptides are themselves present in the amino acid sequence of the protein in an inactive state and their activity is released when in vitro hydrolysis with an appropriate protease or during digestion of the gastrointestinal tract and during the processing of foodstuffs and can be used as a physiological function Important regulator. So far, we have found dozens of bioactive peptides with different physiological functions. Immunomodulatory peptides are one of the most studied bioactive peptides. They can enhance the body’s immune function, and are normal to the human body, especially to the newborn Physiological functions play an irreplaceable function, its development and utilization and further research is of great significance. Therefore, in this paper, the current research progress on immunomodulatory peptides is briefly reviewed, focusing on the casein immunomodulatory peptides.