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髓母细胞瘤(MB)是小儿脑部常见的恶性肿瘤之一,随着分子生物学技术的进步,对髓母细胞瘤的分子生物学的研究和认识有了很大的提高。髓母细胞瘤的组织起源可能有两种,分别为小脑外颗粒层细胞(EGL)和室管膜下基质细胞(SVM);酪氨酸激酶受体家族如ERBB-2可能促进MB的发生和转移;神经生长因子受体Trk-C可能通过促进细胞凋亡而抑制MB的生长;而PTCH/Shh和APC/Wnt信号通路可能分别与成结缔组织型和经典型MB有关。
Myeloblastoma (MB) is one of the most common malignant tumors in pediatric brain. With advances in molecular biology, the research and understanding of molecular biology of medulloblastoma have been greatly improved. There are two possible origins of medulloblastoma, which are extragranular granulosa cells (EGL) and subependymal stromal cells (SVM). The tyrosine kinase receptor family, such as ERBB-2, may promote the occurrence and metastasis of MB ; Trk-C, a nerve growth factor receptor, may inhibit the growth of MB by promoting apoptosis; and PTCH / Shh and APC / Wnt signaling pathways may be related to connective tissue and classical MB, respectively.