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目的分析儿科医院中春秋两季感染危险因素的情况。方法对本院2015年12月至2016年10月期间收治的2560例患儿中发生春秋两季感染的40例患儿进行分析统计并比较感染危险因素。统计分析患儿的春秋两季感染发生部位、感染病原菌类型、患儿年龄、季节变化、抗生素和免疫抑制剂使用情况。结果在发生春秋两季感染的40例患儿中,呼吸道感染发病率百分比为47.50%,消化道感染为37.50%;40例患儿中金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃氏菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌的感染百分比相对较高;在所有患儿春秋两季感染因素中,有52.50%的患儿因季节变化较大,20.00%的患儿长期使用抗生素,25.00%的患儿使用免疫抑制剂,17.50%的患儿年龄低于2岁。结论呼吸道和消化道感染是主要感染部位,手术伤口和其他部位感染相对较为少见;在感染菌种中大肠埃氏菌最为常见,而表皮葡萄球菌相对出现较少。季节变化较大、使用免疫抑制剂、抗生素都是引起春秋两季感染的重要因素。
Objective To analyze the risk factors of infection in pediatric hospitals in spring and autumn. Methods A total of 40 children with infection in spring and autumn in 2560 cases admitted from December 2015 to October 2016 in our hospital were analyzed statistically and compared with risk factors. Statistical analysis of children with infection in spring and autumn seasons, the type of infectious pathogens, children’s age, seasonal changes, antibiotics and immunosuppressive agents. Results The incidence of respiratory infection was 47.50% and the incidence of gastrointestinal infection was 37.50% in 40 children infected with spring and autumn seasons. Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae , Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection is relatively high percentage; in all children with infection in spring and autumn, 52.50% of children due to seasonal changes larger, 20.00% of children with long-term use of antibiotics, 25.00% of children With immunosuppressive agents, 17.50% of children younger than 2 years of age. Conclusions Respiratory and gastrointestinal infections are the main sites of infection. Surgical wounds and other parts of the infection are relatively rare. Among the infected strains, E. coli is the most common, while Staphylococcus epidermidis is relatively rare. Seasonal changes, the use of immunosuppressive agents, antibiotics are caused by an important factor in spring and autumn infection.