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本文认为,按照人的本性而生活的这种观念带来两个版本的现代认同观。第一个版本强调人的自主性、本性的实现及其效率,强调理性的控制;而第二个版本则肯定日常生活尤其是私人生活的意义。它们已深入到资本主义社会的建制与实践中,在其支配下,资本主义社会日益发展成为消费社会。但是,消费主义的实践不仅永远无法满足人们的欲望,反而危害了塑造现代认同的伦理观念,造成资本主义社会自身的合法性危机。
This article argues that this notion of living according to human nature brings about two versions of modern identity. The first edition emphasizes the autonomy of man, the realization of his nature and its efficiency, and the emphasis on the control of reason. The second edition, on the other hand, affirms the meaning of daily life, especially personal life. They have gone deep into the establishment and practice of capitalist society, and at their disposal, capitalist society is increasingly becoming a consumer society. However, the practice of consumerism can not always satisfy people’s desires, but endanger the ethics that shape modern identity and cause the crisis of legitimacy of capitalist society itself.