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本文提出了一种能够从系统可达状态的宏观概率层次和状态内部微观层次上的变化共同描述水文系统复杂性的定量方法．提出的方法用水文要素的信息熵、非平衡度、复杂度来描述水文系统的复杂性，是一种以物理概念为基础、传统的概率统计学方法与非线性科学方法相结合的方法，可有效地识别水文系统的复杂性，并有可能通过水文系统的复杂性与信息维等分形与混沌特征量间的联系，用传统的统计学方法来研究水文系统的分形与混沌特征．
This paper presents a quantitative method that can describe the complexity of a hydrological system in terms of the macroscopic probability level of the system reachable state and the change of the state internal micro level. The proposed method uses the information entropy, non-equilibrium and complexity of hydrological elements to describe the complexity of hydrological systems. It is based on the concept of physics and combines the traditional probabilistic statistical methods with nonlinear scientific methods. It is possible to identify the complexity of hydrological systems effectively and to study the fractal and chaotic characteristics of hydrological systems by using the traditional statistical methods through the relationship between fractal and chaotic features such as the complexity of hydrological systems and information dimensionality.