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受到清代乾嘉以降“儒林”(经儒)与“文苑”(文士)对立观念的影响,研究者总是将考证学视为“儒林”内部的事情,故倾向于往明代的“儒林”(即理学)去追问考证学的缘起,对其时“文苑”中蕴藏着的“博学于文”的传统则基本视而不见。然而晚明“文苑”里的博文传统绝不容小视,阎若璩将钱谦益推重为考证学的头号宗师,就是基于这个事实。清代考证学的一个突出特征是倾向“游于艺”而淡化“志于道”。而相对来说,“儒林”与“志于道”的距离更近,“文苑”则不免“游于艺”的倾向更重。对于塑造清代考证学的基本学术性格而言,来自于晚明清初“文苑”的传统可能将比来自“儒林”的传统发挥更能起到直接的作用,也因此具有特别重要的意义。
By the influence of Qing dynasty and Jia-jia to reduce “Confucianism” (Confucianism) and “Wenyuan” (scholarly) opposition, researchers always consider textual research as “Rulin’s internal affairs” Tend to go to the Ming Dynasty “Rulin ” (ie, science) to pursue the origin of textual research, for the time “Man Yuan ” contains the “erudite ” tradition is basically ignored. However, the late Ming “Wen Yuan ” in the Bowen tradition must not be overlooked, Yan Ruoyi Qian Qian Yi will be the number one guru for research, is based on this fact. A prominent feature of the textual research in the Qing Dynasty is its tendency to “swim in art” and to dilute its “ambition”. Relatively speaking, the distance between “Rulin ” and “Chi Yu Dao ” is closer, “Man Yuan ” is inevitably “travel in art ” tendency heavier. For the basic academic character of the Qing Dynasty textual research, the tradition from Wenyuan in late Ming and early Qing dynasty may play a more direct role than the tradition from Rulin and thus Particularly important.