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以添加不同外源物质的园林废弃物为研究对象,采用近红外光谱分析方法跟踪测定不同堆肥阶段园林废弃物堆体中近红外光谱变化,结合堆体温度变化,探讨外源添加剂对堆肥物质结构转化影响。结果表明:单独添加腐殖酸处理(FZS)、复合添加EM菌剂和腐殖酸处理(EM+FZS)、复合添加京圃园菌剂和腐殖酸处理(JPY+FZS)以及无添加处理(CK)堆体物质转化机制相同,即随着堆肥进行,蛋白质,碳水化合物,脂肪类物质不断减少,物质芳构化程度提高,外源添加剂不影响堆肥物质转化顺序。不同外源添加剂处理红外光谱特征峰吸收频率位置基本一致,但特征峰吸收强度有所变化,说明不同外源添加剂堆肥物质中含有相似的官能团,但官能团数量与物质结构不同,外源添加剂对堆肥分解速率,分解程度以及堆肥产物芳化度均有影响。京圃园菌剂与腐殖酸复合施用(JPY+FZS)能够显著加速物质转化进程,提高堆肥产品芳化程度,更适宜应用于园林废弃物堆肥。
By using near-infrared spectrum analysis method, the changes of near-infrared spectra of garden litter in different composting stages were measured by using the different kinds of exteriors of garden wastes. By combining with the change of temperature in the composting, the effects of exogenous additives on the structure of compost Impact of conversion. The results showed that adding humic acid (FZS) alone, adding EM agent and humic acid (EM + FZS), adding Japanese garden fungi and humic acid (JPY + FZS) (CK), the same mechanism of material conversion, that is, with the compost, protein, carbohydrate, fatty substances continue to reduce the degree of material aromatization, exogenous additives do not affect the order of transformation of compost material. Different external additives have the same absorption peak frequency, but the absorption intensity of the characteristic peaks has changed, indicating that different exogenous additive compost substances contain similar functional groups, but the number of functional groups is different from the material structure. Decomposition rate, degree of decomposition and compost product aromaticity have an impact. Beijing nursery garden fungi and humic acid compound application (JPY + FZS) can significantly accelerate the process of material conversion, improve the degree of aromatic composting products, more suitable for composting garden waste.