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目的研究红槭树枝条甲醇提取物中的酚类化学成分及其抗氧化和抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性。方法采用甲醇浸泡提取红槭树枝条,系统溶剂萃取其甲醇提取物,并用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、ODS和制备HPLC等各种柱色谱技术对其醋酸乙酯部位进行分离纯化,根据化合物的理化性质和谱学数据鉴定化合物结构,并对单体化合物进行DPPH自由基清除和抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性测试。结果从红槭树枝条醋酸乙酯部位中分离得到了10个酚类化合物,分别鉴定为儿茶素(1)、表儿茶素(2)、表儿茶素-3-O-没食子酸酯(3)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(4)、槲皮素-3-O-(3″-没食子酰基)-吡喃鼠李糖苷(5)、槲皮素-3-O-(2″-没食子酰基)-吡喃鼠李糖苷(6)、根皮苷(7)、条茶槭甲素(8)、条茶槭乙素(9)和条茶槭丙素(10)。结论化合物3、5～7为首次从红槭树枝条中分离得到,其中化合物7是首次从槭树科植物中分离得到的一个查耳酮类成分。所有化合物均具有很强的抗氧化活性,化合物3和8具有很强的抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性。
Aim To study the phenolic compounds in methanol extracts of red maple branches and their antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Methods The branches of red maple tree were extracted by methanol soaking, and the methanol extract was extracted by solvent system. The ethyl acetate fraction was separated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS and preparative HPLC. According to the physicochemical properties Characterization and spectroscopic data were used to identify the structure of the compounds, and DPPH radical scavenging and α-glucosidase activity testing of monomeric compounds were performed. Results Ten phenolic compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of red maple branches and identified as catechin (1), epicatechin (2), epicatechin-3-O-gallate (3), quercetin -3-O-α-L-rhamnoside (4), quercetin-3-O- (6), phloridzin (7), ardipine (8), aristolochia (9) and bar of tea Acercillin (10). Conclusion Compounds 3, 5 ~ 7 were isolated from the branches of red maple tree for the first time. Among them, compound 7 was the first chalcone component isolated from the maple family. All compounds have strong antioxidant activity, compounds 3 and 8 have a strong inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase.