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通过人为控制昆虫的活动,对芝麻传粉媒介及其访花行为进行了研究和观察。结果显示,芝麻是自交结实率较高的作物,在没有虫媒的情况下,相对结实率达90.26%;风媒对芝麻异株传粉基本没有作用;小型昆虫有利于芝麻同株或同花传粉,可以提高芝麻相对结实率1.87%,但对异株传粉基本不起作用;大型昆虫对芝麻异株传粉起着极其重要的作用,在自身没有花粉的情况下,昆虫异花传粉可以使芝麻相对结实率高达43.70%;昆虫是芝麻传粉、特别是异花或异株传粉的主要媒介。芝麻传粉昆虫主要以蜜蜂、切叶蜂等为主,访花高峰主要集中在10∶00~13∶30,年份间存在一定差异。
Through the artificial control of insect activities, the sesame pollinators and their visiting behavior were studied and observed. The results showed that sesame was a self-pollinated high-yielding crop. In the absence of zooxanthella, the relative seed-setting rate was 90.26%. The wind-polluted medium had no effect on the heterosis of sesame. Pollinating can increase the relative seed setting rate of sesame to 1.87%, but it has no effect on heterosis pollination. Large insects play an extremely important role in heterosis pollination of sesame. In the absence of pollen, insects cross-pollination can make sesame The relative seed setting rate was as high as 43.70%. Insects were the main medium for the pollination of sesame seeds, especially the cross-pollination or cross-pollination. Sesame pollination insects mainly bees, leaf-cutting bees and other mainly visiting flowers peak mainly in 10:00 ~ 13:30, there are some differences between the years.