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研究以廉价Fe-Cr中间合金替代工业钛合金中较贵的金属V元素,设计新型Ti-6A1-x Fe-y Cr低成本合金。采用非自耗真空电弧炉熔炼合金锭,利用扫描电镜、电子万能试验机对合金的显微组织进行观察、拉伸、压缩性能进行分析,利用维氏硬度计测试合金的显微硬度。结果表明:Ti-Al-Fe-Cr合金的显微组织主要为等轴状的β相,在晶界处有块状和粒状α相析出。随Fe和Cr元素含量的增加,组织中β相比例增加。该合金的抗拉强度在700 MPa以上,随着合金中Fe元素和Cr元素含量的增加,该合金的抗拉强度进一步增大,显微硬度也得到进一步提升。其中,Fe元素含量增加对合金的强化效果比Cr元素含量增加的强化效果更为明显。当Fe含量为2%、Cr含量为12%时,该合金获得最佳力学性能,抗拉强度973 MPa、伸长率3.9%、显微硬度338 HV。
In this paper, a new Ti-6A1-xFe-y Cr low-cost alloy was designed by replacing the more expensive metal V element in industrial titanium alloy with a cheap Fe-Cr master alloy. The non-consumable vacuum arc furnace was used to melt the alloy ingot. The microstructure of the alloy was observed by scanning electron microscopy and electronic universal testing machine. The tensile and compressive properties were analyzed. The microhardness of the alloy was tested by Vickers hardness tester. The results show that the microstructure of Ti-Al-Fe-Cr alloy is mainly equiaxed β phase, and there are massive and granular α phase precipitates in the grain boundary. With the increase of Fe and Cr content, the proportion of β in the tissue increased. The tensile strength of the alloy is above 700 MPa. As the content of Fe and Cr in the alloy increases, the tensile strength of the alloy is further increased, and the microhardness of the alloy is further enhanced. Among them, the strengthening effect of the alloy is stronger than that of the Cr element when the content of Fe is increased. When the content of Fe is 2% and the content of Cr is 12%, the alloy has the best mechanical properties, the tensile strength is 973 MPa, the elongation is 3.9% and the microhardness is 338 HV.