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目的：比较腹腔镜下子宫肌瘤剥除术与开腹子宫肌瘤剥除术的临床疗效和应用价值。方法将我院2009年1月至2013年4月收治的138例子宫肌瘤患者随机分为腹腔镜下子宫肌瘤剥除术组（观察组）和开腹子宫肌瘤剥除术组（对照组），比较两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、肛门排气时间、离床时间、住院时间、住院费用、复发率、术后镇痛药物使用情况、术后发热、恢复日常家务劳动的时间及并发症发生情况。结果观察组患者术中出血量明显少于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组患者术后肛门排气时间、离床时间、住院时间、恢复日常家务劳动时间及发热率均显著低于对照组，而住院费用明显高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组患者均未见脏器损伤、化学性腹膜炎及术后出血。结论腹腔镜下子宫肌瘤剥除术较开腹子宫肌瘤剥除术具有更好的临床疗效，且出血少、创伤小、住院时间短、恢复快，是治疗子宫肌瘤的理想方法，值得临床推广应用。“,”Objective: To compare the clinical effects and application value of laparoscopic myomectomy (LM) and transabdominal myomectomy (TAM). Methods: 138 cases of hysteromyoma in our hospital from Jan., 2009 to Apr., 2013 were grouped into LM group and TAM group, randomly. The operation time, intraoperative amount of bleeding, anal passage of gas, time to get off the bed, hospital stays, hospitalization expense, recurrence rate, postoperative application of analgesics and fever, time to recover the capability of doing daily housework and occurrence of complications of patients were compared in two groups. Results: Intraoperative amount of bleeding in the observation group was less than the control group obviously(P<0.05), the postoperative anal passage of gas, time to get off the bed, hospital stays and time to recover the capability of doing daily housework significantly lower than the control group, while hospitalization expense obviously higher than the control group, and al the differences had statistical significance(P<0.05). Visceral injury, chemical peritonitis and postoperative bleeding were not found in patients in two groups. Conclusions: LM has better clinical effects than TAM, with less bleeding, smal trauma, short hospital stays and rapid recovery. As an ideal method to treat hysteromyoma, it deserves clinical promotion and application.