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目的观察吡喹酮(praziquantel,PZQ)对日本血吸虫(Schistosoma japonicum,Sj)感染小鼠发挥早期预防或治疗作用的用药时点。方法健康昆明小鼠46只按设计随机分为PZQ灌服后4 h感染组(A)、感染对照组(D)和感染后2 h用药组(B)、4 h用药组(C)、6 h用药组(E)和8 h用药组(F)。人工感染方法,取阳性钉螺按常规释放尾蚴,经小鼠腹部去毛皮肤作定量感染Sj尾蚴(30±2)条/鼠。PZQ灌服按设计分组实施,以300 mg/kg体重作1次性灌胃。于感染后第42 d用生理盐水经门静脉灌注冲虫,计算每鼠虫体数,观察肝表面虫卵结节。结果感染对照组平均检获虫体(26.3±10.24)条/鼠,各鼠肝表面卵结节密布;感染前4 h用药组和感染后2 h和4 h用药两组均未发现虫体,各鼠肝表面显示正常颜色,无卵结节;感染后6 h和8 h用药两组检获虫体平均每鼠分别为(3.8±4.21)条和(14.3±9.6)条,其鼠肝表面虫卵结节存在不同程度可见。结论对实验小鼠在尾蚴暴露前后4 h时点内口服PZQ可达到有效预防或早期治疗Sj感染的作用。
Objective To observe the effect of praziquantel (PZQ) on the early preventive or therapeutic effects of Schistosoma japonicum (Sj) in mice. Methods A total of 46 healthy Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups: infected group (A), infection control group (D) and 2 h post infection infection group (B), 4 h treatment group (C), 6 h group (E) and 8 h group (F). Artificial infection method, take the positive snails release cercariae by conventional, dehairing the skin of mice abdomen for quantitative infection of Sj cercariae (30 ± 2) / mouse. PZQ gavage according to the design group to 300 mg / kg body weight for a single intragastric administration. On the 42nd day after infection, the mice were infused with saline through the portal vein to calculate the numbers of parasites in each rat and observe the eggs on the liver surface. Results The average number of infected worms in infected group was (26.3 ± 10.24) / mouse, and the number of egg nodules on the surface of liver of each mouse was densely distributed. No infection was found in the 4 h before infection and 2 h and 4 h after infection The normal color and no egg nodules were observed on the surface of rat liver, and the average number of the mice in each group was (3.8 ± 4.21) and (14.3 ± 9.6), respectively, at 6 h and 8 h after infection. Nodules exist to varying degrees visible. Conclusion Oral administration of PZQ within 4 h before and after cercariae exposure can effectively prevent or treat Sj infection in mice.