轮养是当前农村家庭养老的主要形式之一。本文利用中国社会科学院人口与劳动经济研究所2008年河北农村家庭代际关系调查数据,对农村轮养老人的生存现状,以及轮养的影响因素进行了分析。研究发现,多数家庭由老人或其儿子制定轮养决策;被轮养老人多依赖于子女提供住房和生活费用;多数老人的健康状况较好,对自己的经济和生活现状尚比较满意。由于自身缺乏养老能力,轮养已成为部分老人养老的较好选择。社区的养老风俗、土地和产权房等经济资源的欠缺,以及老人的性别、年龄、受教育程度和健康状况均对老人是否被轮养产生了影响。 Maintenance is one of the main forms of end-of-life for rural families. Based on survey data of intergenerational relationships among rural families in Hebei Province in 2008, Institute of Population and Labor Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, this article analyzes the living conditions of the elderly in rural areas and the factors that affect them. The study found that most families make decisions about raising dependents by the elderly or their sons. Most retired people depend on their children for housing and living expenses. Most elderly people are in better health and are more satisfied with their own economic and living conditions. Due to their lack of pension capacity, rearing has become a better choice for old-age pension. The community’s old-age custom, lack of economic resources such as land and property rights rooms, as well as the sex, age, education level and health status of the elderly have an impact on whether the elderly are reared.