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目的了解在校非医学类大学生对艾滋病防治知识的掌握情况及健康教育干预的效果。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法选取某大学各院系2007级非医学专业452名学生为调查对象,在干预措施前后分别发放艾滋病防治知识调查问卷,将两次的调查结果进行比较分析。结果在健康教育前艾滋病防治知识总知晓率为66.17%,健康教育后为83.06%,差异有统计学意义;经健教干预后大学生对艾滋病基本知识、传播途径及防治方法知晓率分别由健康教育前的63.75%、81.93%、69.81%提升到教育后的86.17%、93.10%、92.87%(P<0.05),但仍有41.70%的学生对艾滋病窗口期、潜伏期认识不足,25%学生对艾滋病非传播途径的认识存在误区;健教前有61.9%的人表示愿意在日常生活中关心和帮助艾滋病人,健教后却只有48.90%,且差异有统计学意义。结论健康教育能明显提高大学生的艾滋病防治知识的认知水平,对干预后大学生歧视远离艾滋病人加重的现象,提示应加大宣教的力度。
Objective To understand the knowledge of AIDS prevention and control among non-medical college students and the effect of health education intervention. Methods A total of 452 students from non-medical majors in 2007 from various faculties of a university were selected as the research objects by cluster random sampling method. Questionnaires of HIV / AIDS prevention and control were distributed before and after the interventions. The results of the two surveys were compared and analyzed. Results Before the health education, the total awareness rate of AIDS prevention and control was 66.17% and 83.06% after health education, the difference was statistically significant. The knowledge of AIDS patients, (63.75%, 81.93%, 69.81%) of the students increased to 86.17%, 93.10%, 92.87% (P <0.05) after education, but there were still 41.70% of students did not know enough about AIDS and incubation period, 25% There were misunderstandings about the route of transmission. Before the health education, 61.9% of them said they were willing to care and help AIDS patients in their daily life, but only 48.90% after health education, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion Health education can significantly improve the cognitive level of AIDS prevention and control among college students, and aggravate the discrimination among college students after AIDS. It suggests that education should be stepped up.