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目的与方法 :本文通过Ames试验和SOS显色试验比较了环磷酰胺 (CP)与异环磷酰胺 (IFO)的致突变作用。结果 :CP和IFO在有S9活化的情况下 ,均可显著增加碱基置换型检测菌株TA10 0的回变菌落数 ,并呈现明显的剂量———效应关系 ,但两药的作用强度不同 ,同等剂量时IFO诱发的回变菌落数均少于CP ,10 0 0 μg/皿的剂量下CP诱发回变菌落数为空白对照的12倍以上 ,IFO仅为空白对照的 5倍左右 ;在无S9活化时两药对TA10 0菌株菌落回变均无影响 ,而对移码突变型检测菌株TA97、TA98、TA10 2 ,两药无论有无S9活化均对菌落回变无显著影响。SOS显色试验则表明 ,即使在有S9活化条件下 ,两药对大肠杆菌PQ35、PQ37菌株SOS修复系统均无诱导性。结论 :CP和IFO都是通过引起DNA碱基置换诱发突变 ,且等剂量条件下IFO的致突变作用弱于CP ,提示对生产和操作人员应采取必要的防护措施
Objectives and methods: The mutagenic effects of cyclophosphamide (CP) and ifosfamide (IFO) were compared using the Ames test and the SOS chromogenic test. RESULTS: CP and IFO could significantly increase the number of colony-reversion colony strains of TA10 0, and showed a significant dose-effect relationship when S9 was activated, but the two drugs had different effects. At the same dose, the number of reverted colonies induced by IFO was less than that of CP. The number of CP induced reverted colonies at the dose of 100 μg/dish was more than 12 times that of the blank control, and the IFO was only about 5 times that of the blank control; When S9 was activated, both drugs had no effect on the colony transformation of TA10 0 strain. However, the two strains with TA9, TA98, and TA10 2 had no significant effect on the colony reversion. The SOS chromogenic test showed that both drugs had no inducibility in the SOS repair system of E. coli PQ35 and PQ37, even under S9 activation conditions. Conclusions: Both CP and IFO induce mutations by DNA base substitution, and the IFO mutagenesis is weaker than CP at equal doses, suggesting that necessary precautions should be taken for production and operations personnel.